
Last week, the Westport Republican Town Committee sent voters postcards that warned, “Overdevelopment is endangering Westport. Westport is threatened by high-density residential developers bypassing local zoning rules under Connecticut’s controversial 8-30g law.”
The WRTC card was delivered on top of last week’s Minuteman newspaper, which reported on page one that former Westport First Selectwoman Diane Farrell recently had left Westport and moved to Easton. While we held both the newspaper and the postcard in our hands, we realized that there was a connection. No, we don’t mean the Republicans finally chased Ms. Farrell out of town. Like many Westporters, who want to downsize their home, Ms. Farrell and her husband left town to buy a smaller house.
Older couples find it hard to downsize and stay in Westport; young couples find it very difficult to move here; and families that earn less than $.25 million a year find it almost impossible to live in Westport. It wasn’t always this way. Two generations ago, Westport was a mixed community where Madison Avenue executives lived a few hundred yards from plumbers and carpenters.
Westport began to “gentrify” more than 35 years ago. But even though home prices rose during the 1970s and 80s, teachers who worked in Westport could afford to live here. Now, only teachers married to bankers can pay a mortgage in Westport, where houses cost more than five times what they do in other parts of the United States. Many Westporters would say that local housing is more expensive than most other places because of market forces (supply and demand) and regional economic differences.
However, University of Pennsylvania economist Joseph Gyourko says that the skyrocketing price of real estate in towns like Westport is mainly due to zoning regulations. In other words, since 1970, we have slammed the brakes on development and turned our town into a homeowners’ cooperative. Many people want to be members of our cooperative and that demand has driven up housing prices. That demand is also changing the face of Westport. When you spend more than $1 million for a house, you want a very nice house. That is why so many people are tearing down homes and replacing them with new construction.
Look at the two houses in the photo above. They are next to each other on Weston Road and the lots have equal value. But if you were going to spend more than $1 million to join the Westport Club, which house would you want?
That brings us the 8-30g law, which is not really as controversial as the Republicans claim. The law, which was called the Affordable Housing Appeals Act when it was enacted in 1990, simply reverses the burden of proof when a municipality denies a developer’s application to build affordable housing. In other words, the town has to explain to a judge why the proposed housing is bad for Westport. The developer doesn’t have to explain why it would be good for the town.
The 8-30g law has been cited a number of times by developers who want to build in Westport, but the law has only been invoked once during the past 17 years. The Planning & Zoning Commission was sued under 8-30g after it rejected an application to develop Gorham Avenue, but the court upheld Westport’s denial as Westport Truth observes below.
Critics complain that 8-30g allows developers to build housing for the upper middle class. That is partially true. To qualify for special consideration under 8-30g, developers only need to set aside 30 percent of their units for people who earn 80 percent or less of the state’s median income (currently $61,961 for a family of three). The other 70 percent of the units could be sold or rented at market rates.
It can be argued that 8-30g needs to be rewritten, or replaced with better legislation. But it seems to us at Politicus Machamux that our state legislators saw a real problem 17 years ago and it has only gotten worse. Towns like Westport are becoming gated communities, where the fences are made of money, not metal.
That is why we agree with First Selectman Gordon Joseloff, who believes that Westport must do something to help teachers and municipal workers live in the town they serve.